Dr. Schaffer highlighted biomarkers for PSMA therapy: SUV mean, scan discordance, TP53 mutations, and CtDNA predict outcomes; more studies needed. Dr. Crawford emphasized biomarkers (PSA, 4K, SelectMDX) for early prostate cancer detection; PSA ≥1.5 flags risk; combine tests to guide care, avoid overtreatment. Dr. Khan outlined NGS testing: germline (blood/saliva) for risk, somatic (tissue/CtDNA) for treatment; combine biospecimens to guide care. Dr. McConkey highlighted liquid biopsies: CtDNA (plasma) tracks metastases, utDNA (urine) local disease; timing, levels, and clearance predict outcomes. The panel discussed liquid biopsy/CtDNA limits and promise: need more data, better sensitivity, repeat testing, and AI integration to guide therapy decisions.